1. Introduction:
Modern society is complex. Each social system may consist of various subsystems that are diverse. It is a mechanism that drives the main system to operate. elements and structure of society It consists of individual social units, groups of people, organizations, or institutions that are different and diverse. Link relationships through interaction processes at various levels. and various areas, from the small sub-level, community level, national level, regional level, and global level, with the important goal being to drive society to fulfill the needs of members of society, both personally, in groups, organizations, or institutions, as best as possible.
Modern society is under the trend of globalization, causing the interaction of social units at the level of individuals, organizations, or other social institutions. are closer together In addition, the world situation is changing rapidly. There are issues and events, both good and bad, that occur all the time. Changes that occur in one area, even if they are only minor, can have an impact on connections to other areas, creating interest and a sense of togetherness. It may also lead to a desire to become more involved in dealing with various problems together.
Modern society is therefore not only a society of diverse people (Multi-party), but also consists of various social dimensions such as politics, government, economy, and society, allowing social units to participate as required. interested and needs Modern society therefore has various interest groups (Multi-interest) that will play a role in driving social processes in various forms, from a simple level, not complicated. to a more complicated and complicated level Systems of interaction are both organized and unregulated. both formal and informal This process is a process of participation of members or social units in some manner with the same or different goals.
2. Importance of participatory processes:
Social Interaction consists of 3 important factors: 1) the need for interaction among individuals, 2) is transmitted through the communication process in the form of gestures, spoken and written language, and 3) has The stimuli that elicit the response from such needs and transmissions. Factors that determine social action therefore have important components, consisting of actors, goals, conditions and methods, with behaviors showing the results of such actions. Through both positive and negative interaction patterns and characteristics: competition, conflict, unity, assimilation. cooperation consensus, etc.
The process of social action, in which the main elements are the actors, which may be individuals, groups, organizations, which means organizations by individuals, groups of people, including organizations as actors of various organizations or institutions with the goal as a result. It must be obtained from social action under appropriate methods according to which the person doing the action will consider and apply for the most benefit and both positive and negative conditions. Including various internal and external environments that may be supporting factors or may be obstacles in the process of social action.
The social process in the form of participation is therefore an important social process in modern society. Social processes in various dimensions, both in the administration of government affairs, the private sector, and the civil society sector. It allows individuals, groups, organizations or institutions to get involved in both formal and informal activities. including direct or indirect involvement in any manner, e.g. project ownership being a project partner Being an opposition or opposing group beneficiary group or groups that may be affected Which, although it shows the social process that can cause difficulties and complexity. But it is an opportunity to make various activities as successful as possible.
For the administration of modern affairs that focus on good governance (Good Governance) has focused on participation. Moreover, the role of modern government has changed. Originally, the government would be in a position to exercise power. Acting as a manager and supervising society in all dimensions. Currently, the role of the government has changed to promote. support and moderator (Stewardship) than the relationship between the public and private sectors. Or the people are characterized by more cooperative interactions. The implementation of various activities or projects therefore has a process of involvement of more involved groups. since the beginning by providing news information discussion and exchange of ideas expressions of support or opposition facilitation or obstruction participation in activities co-benefits being affected by the group Being a person receiving compensation or even being a party in a lawsuit, etc. The work of the government in the present and in the future. It is therefore a matter of work that will require more appropriate cooperation and collaboration with diverse groups.
3. Creating cooperation leads to success:
The social process under the principle of participation is a process of interaction that requires a form of relationship. This may exist at many levels. From the level of simple involvement to the level of complexity and intimacy. The change in the form and nature of relationships may be for the better or worse depending on the factors, conditions, and methods and expectations that the social unit intends to arise from its participation in the process. Society wants to develop in a good way. To allow themselves to participate in the social process as much as they want. That is to have a collaboration to work as you want to be the best as well.
For the form of seeking cooperation can occur at all levels of social units, whether at the individual, group, organization, institution, national or international level, with spaces that enable the process of cooperation to occur everywhere, at the community, village level. Local, national, regional and global cooperation is therefore an important process that drives social activities as efficiently as possible. Society at every level therefore values cooperation. This has led to cooperation organizations at the global, regional, and national levels to create cooperation in many different areas. In addition, there are many non-governmental organizations (NGOs), both foreign and domestic, that have come to play a role. Cooperate in various activities with government, private and public organizations.
As for the cooperation dimension, it can occur in many dimensions, including the public administration dimension. Private sector management dimension political dimension economic and social dimensions which creates cooperation There are many different levels. Since the creation of the network to collaborating to carry out joint activities in various forms and characteristics, both in loose form and up to the level of mergers and acquisitions This is a way to make various businesses successful that always happen today. The process of creating cooperation requires appropriate forms, conditions, and methods according to the situation. Relationship patterns may arise from simple, loose relationships and gradually develop more clearly. Through the learning process creating understanding trust to the level where there is a clear structural pattern, there is a tightness and more strength in the form of relationships.
The process of creating cooperation is therefore an important strategy that will enable the organization to succeed through cooperation. At the same time, the process of social interaction through the process of creating cooperation also requires appropriate techniques. This technique is useful in implementing strategies to create cooperation between organizations by implementing appropriate techniques and methods. At the same time, this strategy or technique can be used to study and analyze the strengths and weaknesses of an opponent or opponent. For the benefit of planning and executing appropriate and correct strategies as well.
4. Process and development of cooperation:
For cooperation to take place between individuals, groups and organizations or organizations, it is necessary to use appropriate interaction process techniques according to the situation. It must rely on players or actors, goals, conditions and appropriate methods as tools. In this case, I would like to ask for ways to create cooperation for change. (Collaboration for a Change) of Arthur T. Himmelman (Arthur T. Himmelman), where the process is continuous. By applying it as a tool to create cooperation between individuals, groups of people and between organizations as follows
1) Creating a network (NETWORKING) is the process of creating connections. It is the starting point for creating connections that will lead to voluntary cooperation. Creating a network therefore allows for the exchange of news between each other. There is a process of building good relationships with each other. The goal is to achieve mutually beneficial goals.
Networking is mostly informal contact between individuals, groups, and organizations. It is a structure of interaction of people, groups, or organizations that are linked voluntarily. It has organized a relationship structure that is independent and equal based on respect for each other’s rights. Creating a network is therefore an opportunity to seek cooperation and build good relationships both with and with individuals. Groups of people or organizations involved both in the same industry and in different circles as well. It is considered an important starting point to develop towards a higher level of cooperation. Success in building a network that leads to collaboration may take as long as necessary.
Network creation may still not be able to respond to cooperative relationships between each other. They may also not be able to build trust that will lead to cooperation in joint activities. But it is considered an important starting point in the development of the process of creating cooperation between each other that must be created as the first process.
2) Co-ordination (COORDINATING is the process of communication that creates ideas and understanding that will allow people both within the organization and in different organizations to work in a consistent relationship. The process of coordination is therefore a development of building cooperation that involves not only exchanging information between each other. But it is a development that creates continuous relationships that will cause a change to doing activities together. The important common point is the objective of coming to do activities together. Goal of coordination is not only that both parties will benefit together but also raise the level to achieve common objectives.
The process of coordinated interaction is therefore a development of cooperation with close, intense, and serious contact, rather than contact at the level of network building. It is a process of building relationships that shows a trend towards greater cooperation between them. Coordination is therefore an important strategy to bring about the development of important changes. Coordination creates understanding. build trust There was good friendship. Able to eliminate various obstacles and obstacles, which may take time to achieve success. But the successful outcome is an important development that has increased the level of trust between them. This may lead to a higher level of cooperation by agreeing to carry out certain activities together in the future.
3) Co-operation (CO-OPERATING) is the process of working together with others. Help each other willingly to complete the task. Well done cooperation (COOPERATING) in this way is a matter of aiming to cause working together. It is a process of creating mutual support and working together willingly and fully.
Co-operation (CO-OPERATING) is a process of working with the exchange of information between each other. There is an exchange of joint activities. and shared resources are used There are two levels of goals that each organization wants to achieve: achieving the organization’s benefits and achieving the organization’s objectives. Collaboration therefore requires inter-organizational ties rather than networking and coordination. The engagement that arises may require knowledge and competency of people, forms, contents and activities that can create consensus in exchanging activities that require resources from each organization. By reaching a mutual agreement on the use of human resources, budget, technical support. And various assets together, the process of creating cooperation may require personnel. Lots of tools, resources, and time. as well as requiring a high level of trust To ensure that agreement of hearts is the path that leads to most joint activities.
4) Collaboration (COLLABORATING) is a process of cooperation that is in the nature of working together in the form of cooperation. Working together is not just an ordinary cooperation, but a collaboration to work for the same goal in the form of joint ventures. In order to reach the level of cooperation in this way, it may be necessary to go through a process of developing cooperation in sequence from the beginning of building a relationship from networking, coordination, and cooperation between each other.
Working together (COLLABORATING) is a process of interaction by activities that start from the exchange of information between each other. exchange of joint activities resources are shared Until the level of cooperation has been raised to the highest level to work together to do activities together in the form of unity. This is probably the most formal relationship between them. The goal to achieve is mutual benefit and achievement of common objectives. Working together in a collaborative manner is a relationship where each organization wants to help the other. to get the best It is a collaboration that shares risks. responsibility and mutual rewards Collaboration in working together requires commitment. It takes time. have high trust There are equal binding conditions for both parties to work together sincerely. Collaboration is therefore the heart of cooperation that will effectively work for the organization to achieve its goals and objectives.
In this regard, the interaction patterns, activities, and goals of the action can be used to determine the relationship as shown in the following table:
| (1) Format interaction 2) Activities | Networking | Co-ordinating | Co-operating | Collaborating |
| – Exchange of information | / | / | / | / |
| – Exchange activities | / | / | / | |
| – Sharing resources | / | / | ||
| – Raising the level towards collaboration | / | |||
| (3) Goals, | Mutual Benefit | Mutual Benefit and Common Purpose | ||
Conclusion
| (1) Format interaction (2) Activities | Networking | Coordinating | Cooperating | Collaborating) |
| – Exchange of information | ü | ü | ü | ü |
| – Exchange activities | ü | ü | ü | |
| – Sharing resources | ü | ü | ||
| – Raising the level towards collaboration | ü | |||
| (3) Goals, | Mutual Benefit | Mutual Benefit and Common Purpose | ||
Working successfully in a complex and diverse society must rely on collaborative work By giving more opportunities for stakeholders to take part in the operation In the process of creating collaboration among individuals, groups of people or between organizations. It requires appropriate strategies and techniques for building cooperation. This can lead to cooperation in working together to achieve the organization’s goals effectively. The process can use the strategies and techniques of networking, coordination, collaboration. and working together in the form of cooperation to apply as appropriate Strategies and techniques for creating cooperation between organizations. By the process of creating networks and creating cooperation between organizations. Can be applied to work Both proactively by creating cooperation to create collaborative processes of various organizations and proactively for preparing the organization to cope with situations or problems that may affect the organization in various ways, namely: Proactively, it can be applied to create cooperation between various organizations, including the government, private sector, and non-governmental organizations. and the public sector which in the process of building cooperation can adjust the format according to the situation From network creation, coordination, and cooperation. and working together as appropriate For the defensive side, it is useful to analyze the elements. or the actions of various organizations, both in terms of relationships and the strength of the social action processes of each organization and between organizations which will be useful in carrying out activities or social actions of the organization that are appropriate according to the situation, etc.
In summary, functioning in modern society is a social unit that has elements, structures, and patterns of relationships. Objectives and goals are diverse and complex. It is necessary to use strategies and techniques to create appropriate processes and working models. Working with networks and cooperation between organizations is another aspect that can make the work process or the process of driving society successful. Strategies for working by building networks and creating cooperation between organizations Therefore, it is a strategy that can be applied to suit each situation very well.
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Reference
(1) “Social organization”. Sociology, www.baanjomyut.com
(2) Educational Headquarters Royal Thai Police Office. “Creating a network”. Self-study documents Category: Community work and public relations. www.edupol.org/eduOrganize/eLearning/generalStaff/doc/…/ 06/01.pdf
(3) Witthaya Suharitdamrong, Dr. (2010). “Collaboration in supply chains”. http://thailandindustry.com/guru/ view.php?id=12457§ion=9&rcount=Y
(4) Principles of good governance, www.sci.ubu.ac.th/document/principles of good governance.pdf
(5) Ann Ball, Marlene Rebori & Loretta Singletary. “Introduction to Collaborative Process” http://www.unce.unr.edu/publications/files/nr/other/fs9984.pdf
(6) Arthur T. Himmelman. (2002) “Collaboration for Change”. https://dept.washington.ed/ccph/pdf_file/ 4achange.pdf
(7) Lise Préfontaine, Line Ricard, Hélène Sicotte,Danielle Turcotte & Sharon S. Dawes. (2000) “New Model of Collaboration for Public Service Delivery”. http://www.ctg.albany.edu/publications/ reports/new_models_ wp?chapter=3 (8) Sally Uren. (2013). “5 steps to successful collaboration”. http://www.greenbiz.com/blog/2013/02/19/5-steps-successful-collaboration
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